O Connor s Life - 1323 Words

Known for her short stories and well known novels, author Flannery O’Connor has been a vision of American literature for the last eighty years. Born and raised in Savannah, Georgia during the Great Depression, O’Connor grew up during an era of hardship and trouble trying to focus on her studies while her family was battling financial difficulties. During this time of O’Connor’s life is where her short stories begin to form and her desire to share her experiences of love, friendship, and life blossomed into these short stories. O’Connor’s writing centers around her upbringing in the old south, the strong religious nature of the Bible Belt, all while characterizing her youthfulness are highlighted in two of her greatest short stories titled;†¦show more content†¦As the misfit begins to try and teach the grandmother and friends about his beliefs, the misfit seems to rely upon the phrase, â€Å"My daddy said I was a different breed of d og from my brothers and sisters† (O’Connor) to try and teach people why he is different. He [the misfit] was born this way, not raised to believe the things he does. This awareness of being a misfit or the black sheep of the family seems to be synonymous with having a child that is homosexual. When the misfit in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† says, â€Å"My daddy said I was a different breed of dog from my brothers and sisters† (O’Connor) there seems to be a direct correlation to where Michelle Dean talks about coming out as a lesbian, â€Å". . . the way we live in a particular society is dangerous for humanity† (Dean). Being the black sheep of the family, the misfit and the grandmother had an interesting relationship because of how her acceptance of his differences would never be welcomed with open arms. The same parallel can be tied in together with O’Connor’s strict Bible Belt religious upbringing. A sin in the eyes of th e grandmother in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is evidently nothing when looked upon the misfit. Time lining America’s cultural changes has left a window of separation between the grandmother and the misfit which is understanding yet the power struggle that has come under fire later on in the story haunts the theme of acceptance to the core. The timing of when O’Connor was

Human Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological...

.AS91607 Human manipulation of genetic transfer and its biological implications Introduction Humans have been manipulating genetic transfer for over 10,000 years since our hunter- gatherer ancestors began to settle in one place and started farming and planting crops. Those humans observed and chose organisms from natural selection to select and breed organisms that showed characteristics desired by them and this began the process of selective breeding. Selective breeding favours recessive alleles that do not persist in wild populations. Selective breeding is a process of increasing the frequency of rare and recessive alleles so that they appear in homozygous form. This has the effect of eliminating the alleles for wild type from the population and the process of domestication has become irreversible. The domestic species has become dependent on humans for their survival. It is from these domestic species that humans have selected and breed favourable genetic traits for their benefit, be it higher yield in plant crops, sweeter tasting fruit, and more milk from dairy cows or e ase of handling stock, selective breeding continues to be used today. Biotechnological techniques and applications have been developed that allow humans to take more specific and extensive control of breeding to produce novel and transgenic organisms. These new techniques are enabling humans to select embryos that have desirable alleles for use in breeding programmes and to clone whole organisms thatShow MoreRelatedHuman Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesAS 3.7 – Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications. Daisy the Cow Daisy the cow is a genetically modified cow modified by scientists from Agresearch and the University of Waikato in New Zealand. This cows purpose was so that it could produce milk that did not contain a protein named beta-lacto globulin. This is because many infants are allergic to this protein; in fact two to three percent are allergic. So these scientists have used theRead MoreHuman Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications2422 Words   |  10 PagesAS91607 Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications By Ryan Neill (3 credits) Case Study 1: Selective Breeding Organism: Cattle (Bos Taurus) Over time, all organisms are subject to natural selection. Natural selection is where Nature selects against traits that either disadvantage the organism or against traits that are not of any use to the organism; these are known as adaptations. These adaptations can be seen in many forms. They include:Read MoreHuman Manipulations Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications2247 Words   |  9 PagesDemonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications. Since 12,000BC, humans began to genetically modify organisms. Genetic manipulation is a process of directly modifying an organism’s genome using biotechnology. For this process to occur successfully a clear procedure and a set of technology is needed. This enables genetic makeup of cells and transferring genes across species boundaries to produce improved organisms with desired traits. The firstRead MoreGenetically Modified Animals : Genetic Engineering1518 Words   |  7 Pages08/23/2015 Genetically Modified Animals Introduction In this research paper on gene technology I hope to share some understanding in the process of gene transfer in animals, the process of obtaining genetically engineered animals, and analyze the social and moral implications associated with this gene technology in animals. Genetic modification of animals started thirty years ago with the production of genetically modified mice. Gene modification is the process of crossing and selective breedingRead MoreOutline of the Concept of Genetic Manipulation760 Words   |  3 Pagesis to outline the concept of genetic manipulation, which is an all-inclusive term that describes the deliberate manipulation of the genetic material by biochemical techniques. It is also referred to as genetic modification or genetic engineering. These are the terms for the process of manipulating the genes, usually outside organisms natural reproductive process. It involves, isolation, manipulation and reintroduction. In this report the type of genetic manipulations that will be discussed are selectiveRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1271 Words   |  6 PagesNatural species are the library from which genetic engineers can work. Genetic engineers don t make new genes, they rearrange existing ones† says George Mason University Professor of Environmental Sciences,Dr.Thomas Lovejoy(TodayInSci, 2014).Genet ic Modifications (GM) have been a topical interest among the field of biotechnology, in which modern techniques directly manipulate genomes allowingthe transfer of specific trait genes from one organism to be inserted into another organism changing itsRead MoreHuman Genetic Engineering At The Germ Line Of A Family1267 Words   |  6 PagesContinuous advancements have been made in these fields, and thus contribute to human genetic engineering. The method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, also known as embryonic screening, allows parents at risk of transmitting a genetic disease to ensure their future children are unaffected by the disease. Some say that it would be greatly favorable for parents to have the ability to avoid passing on a genetic disease. While there is potential to eliminate many diseases, it also has an equallyRead MoreShould Animals Suffer And Be Harmed For The Sake Of Keeping Someone Alive Essay1286 Words   |  6 PagesIMPLICATIONS: Ethically, Xenotransplantation goes against a lot of different views from people. People link this to why should the animals suffer and be harmed for the sake of keeping someone alive. However, it also raises the view of the suffering family and friends of those who have to suffer an illness like diabetes, where is the balance between animal suffering and human benefit? The main ethical view is why should animals suffer when it isn’t certain if it will benefit humans? However, howRead MoreSelective Breeding And Mammal Cloning984 Words   |  4 PagesBreeding and Mammal Cloning ‘Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications’ 3 Credits Name: NadyaBuksh Year: 13G 2015 Selective breeding is the result of human manipulation of genetic transfer. It uses the same principle as natural selection. However, natural selection is the process of selection by the environment whereas;selective breeding is a form artificial selection by humans. Hence, selective breeding can be defined as the artificialRead MoreCystic Fibrosis : A Disease That Causes Problems Within The Lungs And Digestive Systems Essay2901 Words   |  12 Pagesinhalers.’ It is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder and is caused by one of many different mutations in the gene for the protein cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)’ . Because CF is a genetic disorder it is able to be inherited therefore can undergo human manipulations such as Selective Breeding and Gene Therapy. Introduction to Gene Manipulation Genetic manipulation refers to any method used to manipulate genetic material. Genetic transfer is when genes are transferred from Human Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological... AS 3.7 – Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications. Daisy the Cow Daisy the cow is a genetically modified cow modified by scientists from Agresearch and the University of Waikato in New Zealand. This cows purpose was so that it could produce milk that did not contain a protein named beta-lacto globulin. This is because many infants are allergic to this protein; in fact two to three percent are allergic. So these scientists have used the scientific techniques of ribonucleic acid interference and somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning to produce this cow without the protein, however there are many implications. One of the techniques used to produce daisy the cow was ribonucleic acid interference causing gene knockdown. Ribonucleic acid interference is a biological process where certain ribonucleic acid molecules are interfered with causing inhabitation of certain gene expressions. Gene knockdown is a genetic technique where certain genes are made inoperative in an organism because they are â€Å"knocked out† of it. In daisy the cow this was used so that the instructions that have the protein beta-lacto globulin made could be â€Å"knocked out† so that it would no longer be present in daisy. The way they did this was by introducing a synthesized double stranded ribonucleic acid that has a sequence that is complimentary to the gene that is of interest into the cell. This is then recognized as exogenous gene material causing theShow MoreRelatedHuman Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications Essay2031 Words   |  9 Pages .AS91607 Human manipulation of genetic transfer and its biological implications Introduction Humans have been manipulating genetic transfer for over 10,000 years since our hunter- gatherer ancestors began to settle in one place and started farming and planting crops. Those humans observed and chose organisms from natural selection to select and breed organisms that showed characteristics desired by them and this began the process of selective breeding. Selective breeding favours recessive allelesRead MoreHuman Manipulations Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications2247 Words   |  9 PagesDemonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications. Since 12,000BC, humans began to genetically modify organisms. Genetic manipulation is a process of directly modifying an organism’s genome using biotechnology. For this process to occur successfully a clear procedure and a set of technology is needed. This enables genetic makeup of cells and transferring genes across species boundaries to produce improved organisms with desired traits. The firstRead MoreHuman Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications2422 Words   |  10 PagesAS91607 Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications By Ryan Neill (3 credits) Case Study 1: Selective Breeding Organism: Cattle (Bos Taurus) Over time, all organisms are subject to natural selection. Natural selection is where Nature selects against traits that either disadvantage the organism or against traits that are not of any use to the organism; these are known as adaptations. These adaptations can be seen in many forms. They include:Read MoreGenetically Modified Animals : Genetic Engineering1518 Words   |  7 Pages08/23/2015 Genetically Modified Animals Introduction In this research paper on gene technology I hope to share some understanding in the process of gene transfer in animals, the process of obtaining genetically engineered animals, and analyze the social and moral implications associated with this gene technology in animals. Genetic modification of animals started thirty years ago with the production of genetically modified mice. Gene modification is the process of crossing and selective breedingRead MoreOutline of the Concept of Genetic Manipulation760 Words   |  3 Pagesis to outline the concept of genetic manipulation, which is an all-inclusive term that describes the deliberate manipulation of the genetic material by biochemical techniques. It is also referred to as genetic modification or genetic engineering. These are the terms for the process of manipulating the genes, usually outside organisms natural reproductive process. It involves, isolation, manipulation and reintroduction. In this report the type of genetic manipulations that will be discussed are selectiveRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1271 Words   |  6 PagesNatural species are the library from which genetic engineers can work. Genetic engineers don t make new genes, they rearrange existing ones† says George Mason University Professor of Environmental Sciences,Dr.Thomas Lovejoy(TodayInSci, 2014).Genet ic Modifications (GM) have been a topical interest among the field of biotechnology, in which modern techniques directly manipulate genomes allowingthe transfer of specific trait genes from one organism to be inserted into another organism changing itsRead MoreHuman Genetic Engineering At The Germ Line Of A Family1267 Words   |  6 PagesContinuous advancements have been made in these fields, and thus contribute to human genetic engineering. The method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, also known as embryonic screening, allows parents at risk of transmitting a genetic disease to ensure their future children are unaffected by the disease. Some say that it would be greatly favorable for parents to have the ability to avoid passing on a genetic disease. While there is potential to eliminate many diseases, it also has an equallyRead MoreShould Animals Suffer And Be Harmed For The Sake Of Keeping Someone Alive Essay1286 Words   |  6 PagesIMPLICATIONS: Ethically, Xenotransplantation goes against a lot of different views from people. People link this to why should the animals suffer and be harmed for the sake of keeping someone alive. However, it also raises the view of the suffering family and friends of those who have to suffer an illness like diabetes, where is the balance between animal suffering and human benefit? The main ethical view is why should animals suffer when it isn’t certain if it will benefit humans? However, howRead MoreSelective Breeding And Mammal Cloning984 Words   |  4 PagesBreeding and Mammal Cloning ‘Demonstrate understanding of human manipulations of genetic transfer and its biological implications’ 3 Credits Name: NadyaBuksh Year: 13G 2015 Selective breeding is the result of human manipulation of genetic transfer. It uses the same principle as natural selection. However, natural selection is the process of selection by the environment whereas;selective breeding is a form artificial selection by humans. Hence, selective breeding can be defined as the artificialRead MoreCystic Fibrosis : A Disease That Causes Problems Within The Lungs And Digestive Systems Essay2901 Words   |  12 Pagesinhalers.’ It is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder and is caused by one of many different mutations in the gene for the protein cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)’ . Because CF is a genetic disorder it is able to be inherited therefore can undergo human manipulations such as Selective Breeding and Gene Therapy. Introduction to Gene Manipulation Genetic manipulation refers to any method used to manipulate genetic material. Genetic transfer is when genes are transferred from

Statistical Thinking In Healthcare - Solution is Just a Click Away

Question: Write an essay on Statistical Thinking in Healthcare? Answer: Statistical thinking in Healthcare In this case, study the main issue found in the HMO pharmacy is the medication error. Although it is found that the pharmacy showed low dispensing errors, the pharmacy needs to improve their distribution systems, which is still very important because a small mistake in medicine dispense can trigger a huge problem, which in turn can trigger a large amount of lawsuits on the company (Andersen, 2006). From researches, it is found that there can be minimum six types of medication error take place in a pharmacy set up. The medication errors may include prescription error, dispensing error, prescribing faults, across setting errors, transcription errors, and administration errors. Among all of these errors, it is observed that dispensing errors are the most common type of errors takes place in the pharmacy. A dispensing error is recognized as the incongruity between a prescription provided by the doctor and medicines delivered by the pharmacy. The dispensing error may also include the dispensing of the prescribed medicines with informational quality or inferior pharmaceuticals. The dispensing error is called as the quality marker of a pharmacy; therefore, this may also include failure to detect an error of manufacturing before dispensing the medicines as well as the failure of the pharmacy in order to provide sufficient patient counseling (Anacleto et al., 2007). Development of a process map about prescription filling process There are different categories of dispensing errors, such as dispensing medicine with incorrect compound, dispensing medicine in the wrong dose, dispensing wrong medicines, dispensing wrong medicines with wrong levels, etc (Anacleto et al., 2005). A process map is developed about the process of prescription filling for HMO pharmacy, where specified problems are shown that may be faced by the HMO pharmacy. Analyzation of the SIPOC map Below, the SIPCO (supplier, input, process steps, output, and customer) model is used to analyze the business process of HMO pharmacy. The dispensing error of the company could be find out by using "root-cause analysis" or by conducting a survey of the pharmacists (Fontan et al., 2003). It is found that root-cause analysis is considered as more realistic than other methods as it follows survey among the pharmacists. Figure: Process Map for filling a Prescription at HMO Pharmacy Based on the process map and researches about the medication error it can be said that the process can be further divided into other categories, which may include Ordering the medicine, transcribing the prescription, dispensing the medication and administration of the medication (Karande et al., 2005). According to the previous research, error can take place in any of the four steps. Strategies used to reduce the drug dispensing error of HMO pharmacy From the previous research, it is noticed that many methods and strategies can be taken by the pharmacies in order to reduce the dispensing error. Many tools could be used in order to collect the data analyze them in order to analyze the business problem. To collect the important data, a direct survey (primary data collection) can be used and analyze the data by the quantitative data analysis (Primary data analysis system) system (Bates, 2000). From researches, I found four strategies, which are important to reduce the dispensing errors. The first process dispensed can occur for the new patients with specific medication orders, which are not available from automated dispensing cabinets. When the missing prescription is again faxed, it is found that the chances of incorrectly filled orders automatically enhanced from 2.2 to 2.4%. The second dispensing process may be an automated dispensing cabinet fill. The rate of incorrectly filling order could be reduced by using this process. The third part could be interdepartmental request fill (Fortescue et al., 2003). In this case, it is observed that when orders came from hospitals and clinics which are affiliated with the pharmacy the rate of error reduces almost 50%. According to the third strategy, it is found that if a hospital or clinic ventured to implement an automated pharmacy system, then it could also be proved as beneficial in order to reduce the medication error. The pharmacy can use their bar code scanner to avoid medication error. From the last strategy, it can be said that implementation of a fully computerized system in the pharmacy about the drug-drug reaction can set alert to the pharmacists. From the research, four strategies were found that are helpful to recover the HMO pharmacy from its current position (Bond Raehl, 2001). To reduce the dispensing errors by this company, the authority can use more than one strategy. However, depending on the collected data from the previous researches it can be said that the pharmacy needs to implement the fully computerized system. The management of HMO can file up each and every prescription from the patients. Besides, the authority can use bar code system in order to decrease the overlapping or misread of the medication names. On the other hand, the pharmacy can improve a little in their distribution system. References Anacleto, T. A., Perini, E., Rosa, M. B., Csar, C. C. (2007). Drug-dispensing errors in the hospital pharmacy.Clinics,62(3), 243-250. Anacleto, T. A., Perini, E., Rosa, M. B., Csar, C. C. (2005). Medication errors and drug-dispensing systems in a hospital pharmacy.Clinics,60(4), 325-332. Andersen, S. E. (2006). [Drug dispensing errors].Ugeskrift for lger,168(48), 4185-4188. Bates, D. W. (2000). Using information technology to reduce rates of medication errors in hospitals.British Medical Journal,320(7237), 788. Bond, C. A., Raehl, C. L. (2001). Pharmacists' assessment of dispensing errors: risk factors, practice sites, professional functions, and satisfaction.Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy,21(5), 614-626. Fontan, J. E., Maneglier, V., Nguyen, V. X., Brion, F., Loirat, C. (2003). Medication errors in hospital: computerized unit dose drug dispensing system versus ward stock distribution system.Pharmacy World and Science,25(3), 112-117. Fortescue, E. B., Kaushal, R., Landrigan, C. P., McKenna, K. J., Clapp, M. D., Federico, F., ... Bates, D. W. (2003). Prioritizing strategies for preventing medication errors and adverse drug events in pediatric inpatients.Pediatrics,111(4), 722-729. Karande, S., Sankhe, P., Kulkarni, M. (2005). Patterns of prescription and drug dispensing.The Indian Journal of Pediatrics,72(2), 117-121.

Victorian era Essay Example For Students

Victorian era Essay A Christmas carol by Charles Dickens-what do we learn about the conditions of the poor in society and attitudes towards them in A Christmas Carol? In this essay I will be answering the question What do we learn about the conditions of the poor in society and attitudes towards them in A Christmas Carol? In the 1840s, in England, the poor and the unfortunate had to face a terrible life. Many poor people were homeless as the city of London had become an overcrowded and dirty place due to the industrial revolution-because of the industrial revolution there was an increase in job requirements in cities especially London. We will write a custom essay on Victorian era specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now People from the countryside and from other cities came to London in search of jobs which caused an increase in the population ergo making London an overcrowded city (as mentioned before). Young children were used as labourers who were required to work fourteen hours a day in an attempt to help their families pay bills-these bills mostly consisted of debts which the family had to loan out in order for the family to be provided with essentials such as food and clothing. Most of the times these loans were necessary as workers usually had low wages. In A Christmas Carol, the underprivileged are symbolized by Bob Cratchit and his family. Bob Cratchit is a character in the novel who lives in a congested hovel. He provides for his family with only 15 shillings a week, while his young daughter even works on Christmas Day to maintain the position of the family- even though the position of the family was not the most excellent, they did not want to fall into the clutches of the dreaded work houses. It was well known that most of the poor thought this as a place where they went to as a last resort. They hated the idea of being in a work house so much that many believed they would rather die than go to one. In addition to this Bobs young son, Tim Cratchit (or commonly referred to in the book as Tiny Tim), is likely to die of a poverty related disease because the family are unable to provide for his medical needs. Though Bob Cratchit represents the poor and the unfortunate, the viewpoints of the rich and middle classes are expressed through a character called Scrooge, who argues that the sick and dying (referring to the poor) deserve this sort of treatment because the only reason they are living in conditions as such is because they did not work hard enough in life to reach the higher division of society. Throughout the novel it becomes obvious that the viewpoints the rich held towards the poor in the 1840s were not a positive view, as the rich thought the poor just existed to make London a crowded place and are in other words simply a burden to everyone. They thought that if the poor are like to die instead of going to workhouses, then they had better do it and decrease the surplus population. Charles Dickens uses the emotive language very well to build up the character of Scrooge. He uses a long list of words to create the effect that Scrooge has many sins that cannot be diminished easily: A squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner! , these lists of words are especially effective because they all describe Scrooges personality as greedy and selfishness; only caring for himself. This gives the modern and the Victorian readers the impression that Scrooge is a very immoral person as there is a never-ending list of words describing his personality in an evil manner. The sounds of the letters in those words also encourages us to feel the frostiness that Scrooge is giving off. .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .postImageUrl , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:hover , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:visited , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:active { border:0!important; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:active , .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625 .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9910592e656e997e3289f780b440b625:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Prelude EssayFurthermore Scrooge is compared with the cold, wintry weather in the novel, because of his cold feelings and the chilly way he looks towards the poor: The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed nose, shrivelled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eye red his thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice. This extract shows how Scrooges facial features are described in many ways as the weather would be. We(as the readers) get the impression that he is a very cold-hearted man who is so emotionless that the wickedness within him makes his features disturbing as well as his character. Charles Dickens is almost trying to compare Scrooge with an ice block since he says his features are frozen and describes him as blue which is the description of an ice block. Moreover, Charles Dickens wants us to realise that Scrooge takes his cold personality with him everywhere he goes since Dickens writes, He carried his own low temperature always about with him. Dickens wants us to realise to what extent Scrooge is callous that wherever he goes he always takes his heartless and gloomy personality with him, warning the Victorian society to stay away from him. From the above paragraph I and probably other readers (both Victorian and modern) feel as if the wording and structure takes a big effect on us. The ing added at the end of most of the words which are displayed in the lists of descriptions makes us realise the amounts of faults Scrooges personality has. The way Dickens describes Scrooge using alliteration(clutching, covetous)is very effective, the C sound is very sharp which represents Scrooges cold personality. In stave one Charles Dickens constructs humour to ridicule the wealthy using two characters from the novel-Scrooge and the Mayor. Dickens uses these two characters to build up two different lifestyles of the rich. Scrooge is selfish; its enough for a man to understand his own business, and not to interfere with other peoples. this shows the first sort of rich being who is selfish and uncaring. The second type is of course the Mayor, who isnt that bothered about charity but is really interested in decorating his house-telling his fifty cooks and butlers to keep Christmas as a Lord Mayors household should. This shows that both Scrooge and the Mayor are both self-centred and dont care about the true meaning of Christmas- to pity on the poor and open up your hearts to be charitable to everyone. this creates an ironic effect. Furthermore, both Scrooge and the mayor have a duty towards society Scrooges is to be charitable and the Mayors is to be, charitable, and a lot of other Duties- such as setting up shelters. None of those two characters are fulfilling their duty. and Dickens creates this kind of humour sp that we as the readers can realise the behaviour of the rich. He uses these two characters to contrast the rich together. This results in us (the readers, both modern and Victorian) despising the rich who ignore the poor. Throughout the whole story Dickens uses specific language in A Christmas carol to create atmosphere. He wants us as the readers to realise how the poor people live throughout their daily life: the ways were foul and narrow; the shops and houses wretched; the people half naked, drunken, slipshod, ugly. Through this extract, Dickens wants us to sense that although there may be rich people in the Victorian times there are still poor people lurking around in ill-reputed places in England. We get the image that certain areas in London are labelled as places where the poor reside and the conditions of those particular places are always expected to be foul and ugly. He personifies the houses calling them wretched and describes the public living there in the worst possible way slipshod, ugly through this extract he wants the readers to know what the conditions of the poor are and how they have to spend their lives compared to the rich who are stingy, selfish and horribly egotistical. .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .postImageUrl , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:hover , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:visited , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:active { border:0!important; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:active , .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553 .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7962649251ba3f0c079017b8cf90d553:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Under Milk Wood by Dylan Thomas EssayBecause Dickens also describes the people living there as drunken and slipshod we also get the image that the people living in these places are also just as poor as the conditions of those locations. These extracts make a huge effect upon us as the readers because we realise how appalling the conditions of the poor were in the Victorian times. We understand that there are certain places labelled in the Victorian society where underprivileged people reside, and we should take that into account-even in the modern world, so that the poor presently arent treated in any way at all similar to how they were treated in the Victorian era.